It has been documented that human activities are causing the rapid taxonomic, phylogenetic, genetic and in soils. However, it remains unclear how intensive impacts the microbiome and its functionality. Here we examined the composition and function differences between and an adjacent, currently-cultivated using high throughput metagenomics technologies. Our results showed that the currently cultivated contained about 10-fold more biomass than the one. Analyses based on both 16S rRNA genes and gene array showed that the currently cultivated had significantly higher phylogenetic , but less than the one. The community structures were significantly different between and ancient soils, with structure shifting towards accelerated organic carbon (C) degradation and nitrogen (N) transformation in the soils. This study implies that, intensive has substantially altered structure, leading to homogenization and the promotion ecological functions related to the acceleration nutrient cycling which is necessary for high crop yields.
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